Grinding machinery



March 12,1929. A G, w BlNNs l l 1,705,230.

' GRINDING MACHINERY Filed Nov. 22,V 192e z'snets-sheex 1 V f/V' ,71/ llllllfl/l/l atto/Mug March l2, 1.929. 'Q w, B|NN$ 1,705,230

GRINDING MACHINERY Filed Nov. 22. 192e z'sneetsfsnee: 2

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- UNITED .STATES PATENT g OFFICE GEORGE AW. BIN'NS,` OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR '.l.O CINCINNATI GRINDIBS IN- I COBPORATED, F CINCINNATI, OHIO, A CORPOBATIONQI OHIO.

GBIN DING IACEINERY.

Appunti mea november as, 192s. semi no. 149,838.

`.This invention relates to improvements in grinding machinery and has particular reference to a machine adapted for use in the production of spherical articles such as balls 6 for ball bearin in which both extreme rapidity of pr uction and accuracy of lin-l ished product is requisite. 4

One of the objects of the present invention is the provision of an improved mechanism l0 which will make possible the accurate rapid grinding of spherical articles, together with a control of the size adjustment capable of operation `during grinding. Y

A further 4object ofthe present invention 1s .15 the provision of an improved mechanism for operation on spherical articles'in a continuous stream, which shall cause said articles to-be subjected to a maximum'of grinding action during the period of their passage through the machine.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a machine which will make possible the grinding of spherical articles simu1ta neously in a plurality of intersectingplanes to cause a break-up of the cuttin lines of force exerted on the article, and W ich shall at the same time make it possible to relatively control the article to be ground, so that a true spherical form may be generated thereon by the combined grinding machines.

vAdditional objects and advantages of the present invention should be readily apparent by reference to the accompanying drawings illustrating one embodiment thereof, and it will be understood that may make any modiications in the specific structural details hereinafter described within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from or exceeding the spirit of the invention.

Fi re l is a side elevation of a grinding 'machine embodying my improvements.

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view through the machine.

Figure 3 is a transverse section taken lon the line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a detail sectional view of the work feeding mechanism.

Figure 5 is an enlarged section through the work throat, and, 4

Figure 6 is a fragmentary sectional view illustrating the contoured wheel adjustment mechanism.

In the drawings the numeral 10 designates the bed or base of a grinding machine of what 1s known as the general centerless type. Mounted on this base for in and out movement 1s the rinding wheel slide 11, whose position may e ad'usted as-by the pilot wheel 12. This slide as the spindle 13 for the grinding wheel 14, fitting within the hood or caslng 15. Power is'applied through chain 16, gears 17 and shaft 18. Shaft 18 in turn has'a sprocket 19 driving the chain belt 20 which operates shaft 21. A second grinding wheel 22 is carried by shaft 21 and has a contoured edge 23, the central portion of which 1s of the curve to be produced on the finished work piece.

It will be noted the wheel 22 is of diameter to project upward and be disposed adjacent the periphery of the grinding wheel 14, somewhat below the axis of its spindle 13; Mountf ed'on the bed is a second slide 24, bearing an angularly adjustable head 25, in which is mounted the spindle 26 for regulating wheel 27 which may thus be set at an angle to the operative face of the grinding wheel 14. In and out adjustment of slide 24 is effected as by screw 28 bearing worm gear 29 in mesh with worm 30'. rotatable through pilot wheel 80 31, whereby slight increments of advancing or receding movement may be imparted to the regulating wheel to adjust its position with respect to that of the two grinding wheels just referred to.

l The three wheels just described together form a combined work supporting, guiding, controlling and grinding mechanism in which the sphere to be accurately reduced and rounded to within the accurate limits of a fractional thousandth of an inch may be properly produced. This sphere 32 is suitably supplied-to the grinding throat as at 33 between the wheels 14 and 27 and resting upon and supported by the Wheel 22. While the Wheel22 may be operated either with the direction of feed of the balls 32 through the machine or opposed to it, most desirable results can be accomplished if the wheel rotates in a clockwise direction as indicated bythe arrow in Figure 3, and the balls move from front to rear of the machine.` The balls will therefore be moved against the grindin thrust of the contoured wheel 22 and are pre erably forcibl so shifted by suitable feedin 105 mechanism. n'asmuch as they are dispose in grinding throat between the other two wheels and below the plane of axes of said wheels, as is clearly shown in both Figures 2 and 5, it will be impossible for them to improperly move upward. Also, this tendency toward upward movement is counteracted by the downward thrust of wheel 14 which moves in the direction of the arrow shown in Figure 5, or with its operative face thrusting the balls against wheel 22. It will be understood that both wheels 14 and 22 are operated at a relatively high or grinding speed as for example a surface speed of 6000 or 7000 feet per minute, while t e third wheel 27 moves upwardly at a speed of 50 to 100 feet per minute for example. With this operation the wheels 14 and 22 both exert a cutting action or thrust against the ball in planes at right anglesl to each other, while the wheel 27 moving upwardly at its point of contact as indicated by the arrow thereon, regulates and controls the rotation of the ball. At the same time this wheel is preferably set at a slight angle to the axis of wheel 14, so that it will exert a transverse diagonal feeding component thrust, tending to push the balls forward and at the same time give them a twisting movement, so that all parts of their surface will be suitably presented to the combined action of the other two wheels.

To produce proper feeding of the work pieces to the grinding-throat, any suitable mechanism may be employed. For example, use may be made of a hopper 34 having a discharge tube 35 slotted as at 36, Extended inwardly through this slot may be .either a friction drive member, star wheel or the like 37, o erated as by 4sprocket chain 38 from the regu ating wheel spindle and moving in a counter-clockwise direction. This member will force the several balls along the tube with a sufficient pressure to counteract the thrust of wheel 22, and cause them to be positively fed through the machine at a slow rate. A trough 39 is disposed in position to receive the balls as the are pushed ofi' wheel 22.

It will thus e seen that by the combined action of a plurality of wheels simultaneously engaging the work piece, both the removal of stock and the speed of rotation andtwisting movement of the work piece is properly controlled and effected, so that. true spherical articles of prescribed uniform diameter accurate to a fractional thousandth of aninch ma `be satisfactorily roduced.

lilasmuch as the w eel 22 causes the work pieces to pass between wheels 14 and 27 in an arcuate as distinguished from a straight transverse line it will be understood that these last mentioned wheels in place of having a plain or cylindrical surface, have a surface as indicated at 40, so concaved as to pre-v sent a line of contact engaging the work piece on op osite sides continuously during its passage t rough the grinding throat. This surmoaaao face may be reduced by suitable truing mechanism as indicated at 41 and 42.

Similarly, a truing mechanism 43 may be utilized to form the desired contour on the face of wheel 22.

While shaft 21 for wheel 22has been shownl by the e(yoke piece 48 engaged by screw 49 swivel in bed 10 and operable by hand wheel 50. Rotation of this wheel'willim-f part an in or out movement to the connecting yoke 48 and wedges, and thus raise or lower the wheel 22. It will be understood that the several wheel adjusting screws are all provided with suitable dial mechanisms as indicated for example at 51, so that the exact fine degree of adjustment desired may be readily accomplished.

1. A grinding machine including a pair of spacedrotary wheels having their operative surfaces moving at different speeds and in opposite directions, and a third rotary'member peripherally 'projecting into the throat between the wheels for supporting work in the throat against the thrust of one of the pairof wheels during grinding.

spaced rotary wheels having their operative surfaces moving at different speeds and in opposite directions, and a third rotary member peripherally projecting into the throat between the whee s for supporting work'in the throat against the thrust of one of the pair of wheels during grinding, said third wheel having a contoured work engaging surface contrageneric to the shape to be produced on the work.

3. A grinding machine including a pair of spaced rotary wheels having thelr operative surfaces moving at different speedsand in opposite directions, and a third rotary member peripherally projecting into the throat between the wheels for supporting work in the throat during grinding, said third wheel having a contoured work engag-A ing surface and being formed from abrasive material, and means for driving said third wheel at a grinding speed, whereby its contoured surface will be reproduced on the work piece.

4. A rinding machine including a peripheral y contoured grinding wheeland a pair of work en agin1 disks disposed at' opposite sides of t e grzindingwheel, oneof said disks having its operative surface driven 2. Ak grinding machine including a pair of I llO toward the grinding wheel to exert a thrust component, urging lthe work against said wheel.

, 5. A grinding machine includin a peripherally contoured grindinfr whee and a wheel, and the other opposed wheel having its operative surface driven in an angularly related path as respects the path of travel of the grinding wheel, whereby a twisting movement will be imparted to work piece engaged by the grinding wheel.

6. A machine of the character described, includ'in'g a'contoured grinding wheel, a pair of work engaging members disposed adjacent the contouredportion `of the grinding wheel and sha ed to provide a convergent throat. spaced rom the wheel, whereby the convergence of said throat will limit movement of work the wheel. 7. A machine of the character described, including acontoured grinding Wheel, a lpair of work engaging members disposed adjacent the contoured portion of` the grinding wheel and shaped to-provide a convergent throat spaced from the wheel, whereby the convergence of said throat will limitmovement of work pieces in a' direction away frqm pieces in a direction away from the wheel, and means for moving one of saidl convergent throat forming members in a direction toward the grindin wheel, whereby a thrust component is prouced, urging the work into engagement with the grinding wheel.

8. A grinding machine vincluding a pair of peripherally opposed members forming a work receiving throat and a grinding wheel having a portion projecting within the throat below the plane of axes of the peripherally opposed members, whereby said members form-a convergent throat above the grinding wheel. y

9. A grinding `machine including a p air of peripherally opposed members. forming a Work receiving throat and a grinding wheel having a portion projecting within the throat below the plane of axes of the peripherally opposed members, whereby said members form a convergent throat above the grinding wheel, said grinding 'wheel having a contoured surface contro-generic to that to be produced on the work. U

10. A ball rinding machine including a rotating grinding wheel having a concaved peripheral grinding portion, a Second grind-` ing wheel having a peripheral portion adapted to correspondingly engage a plurality of work pieces on the contoured periphery of the first mentioned grinding wheel, and a regulating member disposed in opposition to of grinding whee simultaneously engaging the work in angu.

.regulatingl said grinding wheels for controlling the work engaged thereby.- 11. A grindin s having operative portions larly related directions', and aslow moving regulating y member constantlyv urging work pieces in the direction 'ofthe grinding wheels.

12. A grinding machine including a pair of .grinding wheels having operative portions simultaneously engaging thework in angularly related directions, a slow moving member'gconstantly urging work pieces in t e direction ofthe and means for positively fee through the grinding throat abovermentioned parts.

13. A grinding machine including a rotary grinding wheel having a peripherally contoured face, means for urging a workpiece in a substantially radial direction toward said ing work pieces providedby the face, and additional means for urging a we '.2'

piece circumferentially of said face.

14.. A grinding machine of the character described, including a rotarygrinding wheel havinga contoured work engaging portion, a second grinding wheel disposed in an angularly related plane for lateral engagement with a work piece on the contoured face of tbe first grinding wheel, means for retaining the work piece in engagement with said grinding v wheels, and additional means for advancing a work piece with respect to the grinding members.-

15. A machine for the production of spherical articles, including a rotary abrading member having an arcuate peripheral groove formed circumferentially therein, means for rotating said-member at a grinding speed, a second member disposed substantially at right angles to'the plane of rotationof the first, means for actuating said second member vin the direction of the first at'a grinding rate of speed, and a third member in opposition to the said members for-retaining a work piece in proper engagement with the operative grinding faces of the rst two members.

16. A machine for the production of spherical articles, -including a rotary abrading member having an arcuate peripheral groove formed circumferentially therein, means for rotating said member at a grinding speed, a second member,./disposed substantially at rinding wheels,

machine including a: pair right angles to the plane of rotation of the means for relatively adjusting said vmembers to vary the size of work receiving throat formed thereby.

17. A machine for the production of spherical articles, including a rotary abrading member having an arcuate peripheral groove formed circumferentially therein, means for rotating said member at a grinding speed, a second member disposed substantially at right angles to the plane of rotation of the first, means for actuating said second member in the direction of the first at a grinding rate 'of speed, a third member in opposition to' the said members for retaining a work piece in proper-engagement with the operative grinding faces of the first two members, and means for individually adjusting each of said three members to vary the effect-ive positions of the operative surfaces thereof.`

18. A machine for the production of spherical articles, including a rotary abrading member having an arcuate peripheralgroove formed circumferentially therein, means for rotating said member at a grinding speed, a second member disposed 4substantially at right angles to the plane of rotation of the first means for actuating said second member 1n the direction of the first at a grinding rate of speed, and a third member in opposition to the said members for retaining a l Work piece in proper engagement with the operative grinding faces of the first two members, and means for positively urging work pieces in the grinding throat peripherally of the first mentioned member.

19. A machine for producing spherical article, comprising a rotary contoured grinding wheel., a second grinding wheel having its operative' surface moving 'substantially at right angles to the first for simultaneous engagement with a work piece and a third roregulating member having its operative surface movable transverselypf the direction of movement of one of said grinding members and oppositely as respects the directional movement of the operative 'surface of the other of said members for regulating the ro tary shifting of a work piece, while in joint operative engagement withl the two grinding members. j

'20. A machine for the production of spherical articles including a pair of grinding wheels having operative peripheral portions disposed in `angularly related planes, one of said wheels having a contoured surface contrageneric to the shapeto' be produced upon the work and the other of said wheels having a concave surface formedpthereon to insure continuous contact between said surface and a work piece progressing circumferentially of the lfirst mentioned Wheel, and a regulating memberin joint opposition to said two operative wheel surfaces to maintain contact between the work and said wheel surfaces.

2l. A machine for the production of spherical articles including a pair of grinding wheels having operative peripheral portions disposed in angularly related planes, one of said wheels having a contoured surface contrageneric to the shape to be produced upon the work and the other of said wheels havlng a concave surface formed thereon to insure gagement with a work piece in angularly related tangent planes, means engaging the work piece for pressing the work against said grinding members and causing an impositiva feeding movement thereof, and additional means for simultaneously exerting a positive feeding component against the work.

23. A grinding machine of the character described including a pair of angularly related grinding wheels operating at grinding rates vof speed and a member for joint opposition thereto for maintainingwork in engagementV with the yoperative faces thereof, and means for positively shifting the work in a direction which is transverse of the face of one of the grinding members and substantially circumferential of the other of said grinding means, substantially as and for the purpose described. In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

GEORGE W. BINNS. 

